Machine for making drills.



E. LIUNGGREN.

.MACHINE FOR MAKING DRILLS. APPLlcATloN FILED Nov. 3o. 1917t PatentedMay 6, 1919.

4 SHEETSSHEET1 INva/vv-ofe BY Waf( a6-X) TToR/vav Illlll E. LIUNGGREN.

MACHINE Fon MAKING nnlLLss APPLICATION FILED NOVA 30| 1917. 1,302,685.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 24 Patented May 6, 1919.

E. LIUNGGREN.

MACHINE FOR MAKING DRILLS.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 30, |917.

Patented May 6, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3,

5. I JUNGGREN.

MAcHmE"FoR MAKlNG DmLLs. APPLICATION FILED mm1-10.1917.

1,302,685. VPimm Mn )1919.

mfg

HTTaRn/Y UNITED STATES PATENT oEEicE.

EDWARD LJUNeenEN, or FAYETTEvILLE, NEW Yoan'.

MACHINE non MAKING maints.

`To all whom t may concern:

Be it known "that I, EDWARD LJUNGGREN, a citizen of the United 'Statesof America, and resident of Fayetteville, in the county of GnOndaga, inthe State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements inMachines for Making Drills, of which the following, taken in connectionwith `the accompanying drawings,` is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

This invention relates to certain improvements in machines for makingdrills and similar implements having spirally shaped grooves or ribs,the object being to produce the drill by forging as distinguished frommilling or twisting so as to compress the fiber more firmly and therebyincrease its tenacity and strength, andl at the same time extending itslength, whereby a greater number of drills of a given length are madefrom the original stock than has heretofore been produced.

`Other objects and uses contributory to the main object will be broughtout in the following description.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in` section, of adrill-forming machine embodying the various features of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 2 2, Fig.l.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on line 3 3, Fig. l.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the detached dies for forming thedrill.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical sectional view taken in theplane of line v 5 5, Fig. 2.

Figs. 6 and 7 are enlarged transverse vertical sectional views taken,respectively, on lilies 6 6 and 7 7, Fig. l.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view taken in the plane ofline 8 8, Fig. 2.

As illustrated, the machine comprises an upright standard or frame lhaving a suitable base Q adapted to rest upon the floor or other supportand'its upper end provided with a journal vbearing 3 for receiving andsupporting a revoluble shaft llwhich is also journaled in anotherbearing 5 on a bracket 6 forming' a part of the main supporting fra-me,but detachably secured thereto by bolts 7 The upper half of the bearing3 is 'Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 6, 1919.

Application filed November 30, i917. Serial No. 204,654. l

preferably made separate from the lower portion and is connected to thebase by truss `rods 3 to stiffen the frame and transis a pulley 8adapted to `be connected by a belt to any available source of power,`not shown, said shaft being also provided with a balance wheel Q tosteady its action and also to maintain its momentum during the pressingoperation of the dies upon the work. i

Thefframe 1 is also provided with vertically alined ways 10 and 11- forreceiving and guiding lower and upper vertically movable plungers 12 andl 3 which are also arranged in vertical alinelnent and havetheiradjacent ends split or divided transversely at M to form opposite pairsof yielding jaws.

The jaws of each-pair are provided with transverse dove-tailed groovesor recesses 15 for receiving and retaining similarly .formed portions ofa pair of die-holders 16 and are adapted tobe drawn together tightlyupon the die-holders by clamping bolts 15 shownby dotted lines in Fig. 5and by full lines in Figs. 2 and 6.

The adjacent faces of the die-holders l6 are provided with lengthwisedovetailed grooves 17 for receiving similarly formed portionsof a pairof opposed dies 18 which are-provided in their meeting faces withregistering lengthwise grooves 19 and diagonally disposed ribs 2() Theseribs are preferably made of separate pieces of eXtra-hardened steel andare -tightly fitted in corresponding recesses in the bases of thegrooves 19 in intersecting planes equi-distant from the meeting faceslof the dies when brought together.

vided through Y, its longitudinal center tov the ymanner described, thescrews are always available for loosening or tightening so that the diesmay be removed and replaced by others for producing adrill of differentsize when desired.

A bracket *22*- is mounted at one end in'rupright ways *22* on the frontside of the fram-e *1* and extends forwardly therefrom, its Aupper sidebeing horizontal and provided with lengthwise ways *23* for receivingand guiding a carriage *24* which is slidable along said ways at will bymeans of a handle *25* thereon.

A rotary work-holder *2o-'is journaled in suitable bearingsl *27*'and*28* on the carriage *24* and comprises a head *29* having its hubjournaled in the bearing *27* and pivoted jaws v*30* for grippingstraight or tapered'work, saidjaws being operated by toggles *31*through the medium of a reciprocatory rod *32* extending centrallythrough the head *29* and having its outer end journaled in the bearings*28*.so as to move longitudinally therein.

The head *29* engages one end of the bearing *27* to hold it againstendwise movement in one direction, while the hub thereof is providedwith a collar *33* engaging the adjacentend of the bearing *27* to holdthe head against movement vinthe opposite direction, at the same timepermitting the head to rotate freely in the bearing 7*.

A coil spring *34*- surrounds the shaft or rod *32* between the collar*33* and an additional collar *35* on the shaft *32*- for retracting theshaft and causing the jaws *30* to grip the work as the end of the stockfrom which the drill, as *a*, is to be made.

The means for opening the jaws consists of a hand lever *36* fulcrumedat *37* upon any extension *38* of the bearing *28* and engaging theouterrend face of `a collar *35* so that when the handle of the lever isdepressed, it will force the shaft *41* for the upperplunger *13* whichis provided with a cross bar *42 extending through vertically elongatedopenings *43* in opposite sides of the adjacent portion of theY frame,the opposite end of said cross bar being provided with suitable blocks*4A* resting upon the upper faces of the resilient supports *41*.

rlhe yielding supports for the upper plunger are arranged so as tonormally hold the lower faces of the upper die just above the path ofmovement of the work, as the drill *a*, when held by the work-holder,and at the same time permits the plunger with the dies thereon to bemoved downwardly a suiiicient distance to produce the necessary hammerblows upon the work for forming the drill.

The means for moving the upper die against the retracting action of theresilient supports *4:1* consists of a rotary disk *45* on the outer endof the shaft *4* and a series of, in this instance four, hardened cams*46* which are inserted in dove-tailed recesses *47* in the periphery ofsaid disk uniform distances apart circumferentially, the outer faces ofthe cams being convex to project slightly beyond the periphery of thedisks for engaging a hardened roller *48* on the upper end of theplunger *13*, as shown more clearly in Figs. 5 and 6.

It is now evident that as the disk *45* is rotated the plunger *13* willbe dcpressed intermittently against the action of the retracting buifersor supports *41* to produce the necessary hammer action of the dies uponthe work for progressively forming the drill from one end as the work isadvanced by the rearward movement of the carriage *24*-.

The drills are formed with opposite spiral grooves running inparallelism in substantially the same manner as twistdrills, and inaddition to the intermittent hammering of the drill stock for bringingit to the desired form, it is necessary to impart a rotary motion to thework by a uniform speed of rotation of the work-holder with the worktherein during the forging operation by the dies, and for this purposethe outer end of the shaft *32* is made in the form o'f a drum ofrelatively small diameter, around which are several turns #-48* of awire cable *49* to produce the desired means for turning the shaft asthe cable is wound and unwound in opposite directions.

After the cable is wound around the reduced end of the shaft *32* in themanner described, it is extended laterally in opposite directions overidlers *50* on relatively stationary spindles *51* on the carriage *24*,as shown more clearly in Figs. 5 and 7, and are then extended downwardlyaround sheaves *52* on opposite weights *53*, the ends of said wiresbeing then returned upwardly and fastened to their correspondingspindles *51* so that the weights are supported by the wires and arefree to move vertically as the cable is wound in opposite directionsupon the shaft S2- These `weights -53- are guided in their verticalmovement by rods 54ehaving their upper ends secured to correspondingsides of the carriage w24- and their lower ends passed loosely throughguide openings in the weights, as shown more clearly 1n Fig. lt

Suitable means is provided to coperate plane and along and upon whichthe weights -53- are movable with the carriage i2/lv,

the upper edges of said guides -55- being straight, while the weights-53- are provided with rollers -56- movable along and upon the straightedges of the guides so as. to enable the sliding movement of the weightsalong said guides with a minimum degree of friction.`

These guides -55are pivotally secured at one end by bolts -57- to thebracket 2B- at opposite sides of the vertical plane of movement of theweights #53- and ineline downwardly in opposite directions from theirrespective pivotal bolts.

Both of these guides #55 may be adjusted vertically about the axes oftheir respective pivotal bolts --5Y-, but vary their degree ofinclination which determines the pitchof the spiral grooves in the workand are held in their adjusted position by tightening the pivotalboltFN- it being understood that both guides will always be adjusted to thesame angle, but incline in opposite directions so that when one weightislmoved up the incline of one guide, the other weight will have acorresponding movement down the inclination of the other guide, therebymaintaining aiuniform tension upon the wire t cable --4E9- to effect auniform rotation of the shaft -32- and Work-holder thereon.

Each die is adapted to form substantially one-half of the circumferenceof the drill and, therefore, in beginning their operations upon thework, their respective plungers are adjusted to separate them asufiicient distance to receive such work'.

lt is, of course, obvious that the impres' sions made by each die uponthe work at each successive blow is only slight and that a considerablenumber ofsuccessive blows are required to make the desired impressionsand bring the work to the proper form, and inas- "ing block F-6O--having a double wedge suitable pitch which would enable the block M60-to ride freely up the incline -62-,

but the upper face of the wedge is of a different ipitch, in thisinstance, half of the pitch of its lower face, and is in directengagement with the under side of the adjacent end of the bracket m22 soas to move said bracket with the carriage -24 and work-holder -26-thereon at substantially half the speed as that of the lower plunger l2-as the block -60- is moved back and forth, the object of which is togradually advance the dies into the work during the successive hammerblows, it being understood that the difference in relative degrees ofmovement of the work-holder and lower plunger is to keep the workcentrally between the dies and to compensate for the limita- 4 tions ofadjustment of the upper plunger.

The means for reciprocating the sliding block -60- consists of a handlever -63- Afulcrumed at 641- to a lug on the main supporting frame -1-and pivotally connected at -65- to the adjacent end of the bleek -60-,as shown more clearly in Fig. 2, said block being also provided with apivoted pawl 66- for engaging ratchet teeth -67- on the `base of theframe -las the block is advanced up the incline by the lever -63-, saidpawl being adapted to be released from its holding position by means ofa'tripping lever #68- and suitable connections with the pawl, as shownin Fig. 2.

The diameter of the work and depth of formation of the grooves isdetermined by a limiting stop -GQM located in the path of movement ofthe wedge block mlil-e which is shown in the position which it assumeswhen the drill is properly formed.

The operation of the lever -63- is also used to prevent the full returnof the upper plunger toits normal position from the resilient supports--ll-, after each hammer blow thereon by the cams -4-6-, and for thispurpose the lower end of the lever is connected by a link -'-70-- to anupright lever -71- which is fulcrumed at 72- upon the mainsupportingframe 1 and Yhas its upper end connected by a link -73- to atransversely sliding bar -74-- This bar is movable in ways -75- on themainframe and is provided in its lower edge with a recess -76'-, the endwalls of which are beveled for engaging a roller -77- on the front faceof the upper plunger 1d- Y the frame -1-, or stand more closely in anupright position.

.N ow, as the forging operation upon the work by the dies begins, thelever ,--63-V is gradually'rocked toward the position shown -in F ig.v2, and as one portion of the work is brought more or less closely tothe de- -sired form by repeated hammer blows of the upper die, said workis advanced a short distance at a time not greater than the transversewidth of the ribs -20- of the dies, this latter movement beingaccomplished manually by means of the handle -25-, during which theweights 53- arc moved by their connections with the carriage Q4- alongthe inclined guides -55-, thus causing a gradual rotation of thework-holder and work therein so that aS these operations are continued aspiral groove will be formed in the work, the pitch of which will dependupon the degree of inclination of the guides -55-.

As the operation of the lever 6B- continues, vthe'movement of the wedge6lof the block will gradually elevate the lower plunger -12- and bracket28j while the beveled wall at one end of the recess -76- in the slidingmember 74- will ride into the path of return of the roller -77-of theupper plunger 13 to maintain the advanced position of said upper plungerso that the amount of movement of the plunger by the cams graduallybecomes less as the dies'are pressed into the work.

It will be observed that the impression by the dies upon the workfateach hammer blow produced by the cams --'c6 is comparatively slight, yetit is repeated rapidly, and quickly brings that particular portion ofthe work to the desired form, whereupon the carriage is operated tobring the next adj acent portion of the work into position to beAoperated upon by the dies, or, the movement ofthe carriage may begin toadvance the work as soon as the dies start to operate thereon, in whichcase the carriage will be moved back and forth until the entire work isbrought to the desired form and size.

In order that the bracket -22- may be more easily moved verticallywithout binding or excessive friction, its forward end is partiallysupported by a standard composed of telescoping sections -80- and -81-which are relatively adjustable longitudinally and are held in theiradjusted position by clamping bolt -82-, the lower section -80- beingadapted to rest upon the floor, while the upper section is movable inasocket -83 in the bracket 2Q- and is engaged with one end of a spring*84- having its opposite end abutting against the upper wall of thesocket, said spring being under sufficient tension to assist the wedge-61- in raising the bracket, and at the same time is suflicientlyresilient to yield under the weight of the bracket as the latter ismoved downwardly.

IVhile the machine is particularly adapted for making drills of the formcommonly known as twist drills, it is evident that it may be used formaking any other implements requiring the formation of spiral Y groovesor ribs.

Furthermore, while the present machine contemplates operating upon stockwhich .has been brought to a white heat, I do not wish to limit myselfto its operation upon heated objects, since it is evident that it couldbe used for forming similar articles of manufacture from cold metal.

What I claim is:

1. In a machine for making drills, the combination of cooperative diesand means for operating one die in relation to the other die, awork-holder and operating means therefor for advancing the work betweenthe dies, Ameans for rotating the work-holder during said advancingmovement and means for gradually lessening the movement of thefirst-named die as the diameter of the work is reduced.

2. In a machine for makin drills, the combination with coperative diesand means for operating one die in relation to the other die, of awork-holder and operating means therefor for advancing the work betweenthe dies, means for rotating the work-holder at uniform speeds as itadvances the work between the dies and means for moving said. other dieste by step toward the first-named die as the dia-meter of the work isreduced.

3. In a machine of the character described, the combination ofcoperative dies, means for moving one die toward and from the other die,a rotary work-holder, a sliding support for the work-holder movableaxially thereof to advance the work between the dies, automatic meansfor rotating the workholder during the movement of the support, meansfor gradually lessening the movement of the first-named die as thediameter of the work is reduced, and means for moving said other diestep by step toward the firsti named die during said reduction of thework.

4tensioning the same, means on the carriage for causing the weights tomove therewith, and inclined guides along and upon which the weights aremovable as the carriage is moved back and forth, said guides beingdisposed in intersecting planes at the same angle to the plane ofmovement of the car-` riage.

5. In a machine of the character described, the combination ofcoperative dies, a plunger supporting one of the dies, a yieldingsupport for the plunger normally acting to separate its die from thecompanion die, means for gradually reducing the amount of saidseparation as the diameter of the work is reduced, a rotary memberhaving a cam acting upon the plunger to force the latter to its pressingposition against the action of said yielding support, and means forholding the work between the dies.

6. In a machine of the character de scribed, the combination ofcoperative dies, a plunger supporting one of the dies, a yieldingsupport for the plunger normally acting to separate its die from thecompanion die, a rotary member having a cam acting upon the plunger toforce the latter to its pressing position against the action of saidyielding support, a rotary work-holder, means for moving the work-holderaxially to advance the work between the dies and means for graduallyreducing the movement of said plunger as the diameter of the work isreduced.

7 In a machine of the character described, the combination of coperativedies, a plunger supporting one of the dies, a yielding support for theplunger normally acting to separate its die from the companion die, arotary member having a cam acting upon the plunger to force the latterto its pressin position against the action of said yielgding support, arotary work-holder, means for moving the work-holder axially to advancethe work between the dies, automatic means for rotating the work-holderas it is moved axially and automatic means for gradually advancing andholding the second-named die nearer to the first-named die as thediameter of the work is reduced.

8. In a machine of the character described, thecombination of coperativedies, and separate supports therefor, each movable in relation totheiother to bring the dies into pressing coaction upon the work,retracting means for one support, a rotary cam for operating saidsupport against the action of its retracting means, -means `forgradually advancing and holding the other support nearer to the work asthe latter is reduced in diameter', a rotary work-holder, means formoving the work-holder axially to advance the work between the dies, andautomatic means for rotating the workholder as the latter is movedaxially.

9. In a machine of the character described, the con'ibination of asupporting frame, a plunger movable thereon, a die on the plunger, aseparate die opposing the first-named die, a sliding wedge engaging theplunger, means for operating the wedge step by step in one direction forgradually moving the plunger toward the work as the latter is reduced bythe dies, and means for holding the work between the dies.

10." In a machine of the character described, coperative dies, a plungercarrying one of the dies, devices for reciprocating the other die towardand from the work, a rotary work-holder, a carriage therefor movableaxially thereof for advancing the work between the dies, a support forthe carriage, and means for moving the support step by step at rightangles to the direction of movement of the carriage as the work isreduced.

11. In a machine of the character described, coperative dies, a plungercarrying one of the dies, devices for reciprocating the other die towardand from the work, a rotary work-holder, va carriage therefor movableaxially thereof for advancing the work between the dies, a support forthe carriage, and means for moving the support step by step in onedirection to keep the axis of the work midway between the dies as saidwork is reduced in diameter.

12. In a machine of th'e character described, a pair of dies havingregistering longitudinal grooves, and ribs extending diagonally acrossthe grooves in intersecting planes in combination with means for forcingone die toward the other die, rotary means for holding the work betweenthe dies, and means for moving the other die step by step toward thefirst-named die as the work is reduced in diameter.

13. In a machine for making drills, the combination of a pair of dieshaving ribs disposed in intersecting planes, means for rotating the workbetweenthe dies, means for `intermittingly moving one die toward theother die, retracting means for the movable die, and automatic means forgradually diminishing the amount of movement of said movable die as thediameter of the work is reduced.

14. In a machine for making drills, the combination of a pair of dieshaving ribs disposed'in intersecting planes, means for intermittinglymoving one of the dies toward the other die, retracting means for the-ribs disposed in intersecting planes crossing each other in theproduced axis of the workholder, means for moving the workholderaxially, means including a handlever for opening the jaws of theworkholder, a spring for retracting said jawopening means, means forrotating the workholder in reverse directions as it is moved back andforth axially, and means for intermittingly operating one of the diestoward the other die.

16. In a machine for making drills, the combination of a pair of dies,one of which is movable toward and from the other, a carriage movabletoward and from the dies, a rotary workholder mounted on the carriagewith its axis in substantially the plane of the meeting faces of thedies and com.l

prising a pair of toggle levers at opposite sides of said axis, a pairof jaws pivoted to' said levers, a reciprocatory spindle coaxial withthe workholder for operating the toggle levers to open and close thejaws, a spring for retracting said spindle to close the jaws upon thework, and a hand-lever for moving'the spindle axially against the actionof said spring.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day ofNovember, 1917.

EDWARD LJ UN GGREN.

Witnesses:

H. E. CHASE, Amon M. CANNON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

. Washington, ZD. C.

